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Ultrasound
examination offers a safe, reliable method of confirming pregnancy in the
bitch and queen. Scanning is usually performed at 4 and 6 weeks after mating.
Although examination at 20- 21 days can detect foetal heartbeats, by 28 days
foetal membranes change position and foetal structures can be identified.
Motion and mineralisation is noted between 31-33 days. Internal organs become
recognisable at 33-36 days. Thoracic and abdominal cavities may be
distinguished at 45 days. These developmental stages provide a guide to
foetal age but are not a precise indicator of whelping/queening date.
Ultrasound
is not a reliable method for counting foetuses. Radiography (x-rays) at 42
days is still a better method.
Ultrasound
may also detect problems such as embryonic resorption, early foetal death,
premature placental separation and pyometra.
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